Saturday, September 21, 2019

On Nutrition: Take a closer look at ingredients in 'miracle' weight-loss claims

Dear Dr. Blonz: Two weight-loss “miracles” are featured in a constant stream of emails I now receive. (I take responsibility for this mess, having clicked on an ad a few weeks ago.) One of the ingredients is hoodia, and the other is Caralluma fimbriata. The ads discuss how they have been used for centuries in India to suppress appetite. There is also mention of research studies providing evidence that they work to cause weight loss. Are these something you are familiar with? â€" M.Q., Lafayette, California

Dear M.Q.: Hoodia gordonii is a succulent plant found in Africa. There is no reliable scientific evidence to affirm the weight-loss efficacy of hoodia. The Federal Trade Commission has taken action against a company for making false weight-loss claims about hoodia.

Caralluma fimbriata is the name of a succulent plant that does, indeed, grow in India. It can be eaten raw or cooked with spices, but it’s also used in pickles and chutneys. Stories in folklore tell of chewing chunks of this plant to suppress hunger while on days-long hunts.

There is a published, peer-reviewed study for Caralluma fimbriata. The details of this study can illustrate how folkloric stories, coupled with aggressive marketing, will not guarantee that a product works.

The research was published in the May 2007 issue of the journal Appetite, and it involves a 60-day study using 50 overweight male and female volunteers. Half the subjects received an extract of Caralluma fimbriata, and the other half received a placebo. Measurements were taken before, midway and at the end of the study, including weight and BMI (body mass index) and body fat, along with appetite variables such as food intake, measures of hunger, thoughts of food and feelings of fullness.

At the end of the study, the group taking Caralluma fimbriata had lost weight, and their BMIs (and a number of other measurements) were lower. I have seen this mentioned in advertisements. But â€" and this is key â€" what the ads leave out is the fact that similar results were found in the placebo group.

This reinforces why it is absolutely essential to have a placebo group when studying the possible efficacy of substances. Comparing both groups, there was no significant difference in body weight, BMI, body fat or hip circumference. The only difference between the groups was in the measure of waist circumference â€" but, given the lack of difference in all other metrics, this is of dubious import.

The Appetite study reported no differences in thoughts of food, feelings of fullness, urges to eat or in the amounts of energy (calories), fat, carbohydrate and protein consumed. The only difference between the groups was in reports of hunger. Even so, when compared to the placebo, the treatment did not have a significant effect on how much the subjects actually ate.

Our bottom line is that there is nothing “miraculous” to report about Hoodia gordonii or Caralluma fimbriata as weight-loss products. A second important takeaway is that we always need to view these types of claims with a critical eye.

Ed Blonz, Ph.D., is a nutrition scientist and an assistant clinical professor at the University of California, San Francisco. He is the author of the digital book “The Wellness Supermarket Buying Guide” (2012), which is also available as a free digital resource at blonz.com/guide.

Send questions to: “On Nutrition,” Ed Blonz, c/o Andrews McMeel Syndication, 1130 Walnut St., Kansas City, MO, 64106. Send email inquiries to questions@blonz.com. Due to the volume of mail, personal replies cannot be provided.

Friday, September 20, 2019

Instagram Cracks Down on Unrealistic Weight Loss Ads, Including Promotions by High-Profile Influencers

Instagram will be rolling out new policies to combat ads that promote weight loss products, especially for users who are known to be minors.

Instagram users under the age of 18 will no longer see posts promoting weight loss products or cosmetic surgery when the posts direct customers to purchase a product, including when posts provide a discount code or a price (Instagram does not allow direct links in posts).

The site may remove a post altogether if it includes unrealistic claims about a diet or weight loss product clearly promoted for sale. Instagram's policies never allowed such promotions, but a call for further action was prompted after an influx of influencers and celebrities such as the Kardashians and Jenners caused critics to speak out.

Emma Collins, Instagram's public policy manager, said in a written statement that the company is working to "reduce the pressure that people can feel sometimes as a result of social media." She said Instagram wants to be a "positive place for everyone that uses it."

The new policy also affects Facebook, Instagram's parent company.

Actress Jameela Jamil, a proponent of the policy change and founder of body-positive page "I Weigh," took to Twitter Wednesday to celebrate.

"This is just the beginning of our efforts at 'I Weigh' but for now, it has been incredible to work alongside Instagram and their experts to create policies to protect people from irresponsible influencers who sell bogus products to their followers. Thank you for helping us," Jamil Tweeted.

Jameela Jamil's Activism Results: Instagram Won't Let Teens See Weight-Loss Posts Anymore

Click here to read the full article.

Actress Jameela Jamil is celebrating the new Instagram policy on weight-loss products. The body-positivity advocate has long spoken out against the social media platform's proliferation of celebrities hawking various weight-loss items, from detox teas to appetite-suppressing lollipops — and yesterday, Instagram took a stand.

The platform has agreed to censor weight-loss posts for all users under the age of 18 — in other words, children and teens who are at their most vulnerable and easy to convince that "weight-loss" products work, or are even a good idea. Plus, under the new policy, these items can't be promoted as a "miracle" cure. Any influencer who posts a photo with a weight-loss product and emphasizes that their weight dropped specifically because of the product will be in violation of Instagram's community guidelines.

More from SheKnows

"THIS IS HUGE NEWS," Jamil wrote on Instagram. "@i_weigh are changing the world together. After a bunch of shouting, screaming, and petitioning… we have managed to get the attention of the people at the top, and they have heard us and want to protect us. And this is just the beginning of our efforts."

"As of now, if you're under 18, you will no longer be exposed to any diet/detox products, and for all other ages; all fad products that have bogus, unrealistic claims will be taken down and easy to report," she continued. "I've been working with Instagram all year towards this, who were amazing to deal with, and they expressed that they passionately care about creating a safer space for us all online. This happened so much faster than I expected and I'm so proud and happy and relieved. WELL DONE to the many people who have been working towards this huge change. This is a mass effort. This is an extraordinary win that is going to make a big difference. Influencers have to be more responsible."

Back in August, the Good Place actress said the Kardashians shouldn't be canceled, but should stop selling items such as waist trainers and laxatives. She has also spoked out against Amber Rose for selling flat-tummy teas.

Jamil, who founded radical body inclusivity platform i_weigh, has been vocal about her own eating disorder growing up, and said in an interview with Elle UK that the ease in which companies can sell body-shaming items to teens is leading to higher rates of self-harm.

"Teenage suicides, eating disorder rates, the amount having cosmetic surgery and committing self-harm … They are all at the highest they've ever been," Jamil said. "There's no way this isn't a correlation with what they're being exposed to online."

She's not wrong. In a 2016 study conducted by the Pew Research Institute, teenagers cited Instagram as the app that influences them the most, and 38 percent of those who use the site are female. A staggering 20 million women will be affected by an eating disorder in their life, and many of them develop disorders between the ages of 12 and 25, according to the Newport Academy. On top of all this, there's still not enough research done on whether detox teas and appetite-suppressing lollipops even work, or what the side effects are.

For Jamil, these companies all emphasize the belief that there's something wrong with your body. "It sets the tone that this is not OK in our society. … There are so many lies being told and we've accepted that as a cultural norm."

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Thursday, September 19, 2019

Does fat shaming help people lose weight?

  • 17 September 2019
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    https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-49714697 Read more about sharing. Close share panel James CordenImage copyright Getty Images

    After US talkshow host Bill Maher called for fat shaming to "make a comeback", fellow host James Corden's impassioned response won widespread support online.

    "It's proven that fat shaming only does one thing," he said. "It makes people feel ashamed and shame leads to depression, anxiety and self-destructive behaviour - self-destructive behaviour like overeating."

    "If making fun of fat people made them lose weight, there'd be no fat kids in schools."

    Image Copyright @latelateshow @latelateshow Report Twitter post by @latelateshow: Image Copyright @latelateshow @latelateshow Report

    But does Maher have a point? Almost two thirds of adults in England were overweight or obese in 2017. The NHS recorded 10,660 hospital admissions in 2017/18 where obesity was the primary diagnosis.

    In the US, the situation is starker still. More than 70% of adults over 20 are overweight or obese, according to the National Center for Health Statistics.

    Image Copyright @GreekGodOfHops @GreekGodOfHops Report Twitter post by @GreekGodOfHops: Fat shaming might not be healthy for all but I owe my whole entire career to being fat shamed. Coaches and scouts passed on me because of my body type for years. So I went out and did all the necessary things in order to prove them wrong. Wasn't easy but nothing is in life! Image Copyright @GreekGodOfHops @GreekGodOfHops Report

    On Twitter, the former professional baseball player, Kevin Youkilis, claimed he owed his "whole entire career" to fat shaming, having initially been overlooked by scouts because of his weight.

  • How I overcame fat-shaming
  • Bootcamp woman told she was 'too big' for classes
  • US soprano Kathryn Lewek shames the critics who 'body-shamed' her
  • That experience, though, is atypical, says Jane Ogden, a professor of health psychology at the University of Surrey.

    "Shaming is the wrong way forward," she told the BBC's Victoria Derbyshire programme on Monday.

    "All of the evidence is that fat shaming just makes people feel worse. It lowers their self-esteem. It makes them feel depressed and anxious and as a result of that what they then do is self-destructive."

    A study by behavioural scientists at University College London found rather than encouraging people to lose weight, fat shaming led people to put on more weight.

    Image copyright Victoria Abraham

    Victoria Abraham, 19, lives and studies in New York city, but grew up in Florida.

    She says that her first hand experience shows Mr Maher is wrong about fat shaming.

    "I have been shamed my entire life for my weight and I am still fat. When nasty comments were made to me as a child I used to go home after school and eat food to make myself feel better.

    "It's not like people were saying these comments from a place of caring. They just wanted to make me feel small and negative about my body.

    "The people who cared about my health were my parents and my doctor and that's it. They were the only people who had the right to talk to me about my body. The kids on the street were just teasing me for being different."

    Image Copyright @ChloeInCurve @ChloeInCurve Report Twitter post by @ChloeInCurve: If fat shaming actually worked there would be no fat people, because we have ALL been shamed at some point.Image Copyright @ChloeInCurve @ChloeInCurve Report

    Victoria stresses that she is now very confident about her body and reflects that if her younger self could have seen her now then her childhood would have been much happier.

    "Back then you weren't allowed to be fat and happy," she said. "You weren't allowed to love yourself no matter what you looked like".

    It was changing the media she consumed that made all the difference.

    "After I finished middle school I started reading books with fat characters and watching TV with fat women which started to change the way I viewed myself. If you only see media with thin white women then you think something is wrong with you. But when you see beautiful fat women you start to see the beauty in yourself."

    Victoria also acknowledges the health impacts of obesity.

    "Losing weight is good for your health but I am anti-diet. I have tried most of them and you just put the weight back on after the diet. Now I just try and do more exercise and eat healthier things ."

    "It's a very hard conversation to have," Professor Ogden told the BBC.

    "The evidence out there for the impact of excess bodyweight and obesity - on cancer, on diabetes, on heart disease - is very clear. And that's education we need to have out there.

    "But because the line between getting that message out there and then actually making someone feel ashamed of who they are is so fine, those conversations are very difficult."

    Image copyright Will Mavity

    Even if you do lose weight, fat shaming can negatively impact health in other ways.

    Will Mavity, 25, lives in Los Angeles. Growing up in Atlanta, Georgia, he was, he says, "extremely chubby".

    It is not a description you would use about him today.

    "They would call me double d, and this stuff added up. When I started high school I decided the only way I could avoid this was to never be fat again," he told the BBC.

    But Will developed an eating disorder.

    "Fat shaming caused me to lose weight, but not in a healthy way. I started to purge after every meal," he said.

    "I injure myself over and over again because of over-exercise. I feel I have to. I start getting angry whenever I cannot work out. I can't shake it. Because of the fat shaming, I associate my value as a human being with the way I look."

    "Shaming anybody for anything doesn't help you - whatever the thing is that is being shamed," Professor Ogden explained.

    "It's just not a positive way to run a society."

    This Vegan Diet Is the Opposite of Keto, and People Are Losing Weight on It

    While researching plant-based recipes to make for the week (yep, that's what I love to do on Saturday nights because I'm cool like that), I came upon a YouTube channel about eating high-carb, low-fat (HCLF) vegan. I got sucked in and watched a ton of videos, because I loved the idea that I could eat all the fruit and whole grains I wanted, especially in this low-carb-obsessed world we live in. If being healthy and losing weight eating pasta, potatoes, and bananas seems awesome to you, keep reading to learn all about the HCLF vegan lifestyle and how it can offer health benefits as well as help you lose weight.

    Wednesday, September 18, 2019

    Maintaining Your Weight Loss Is Easier Than It Sounds - Here's What an Expert Said to Do

    a girl sitting on top of a building: Maintaining Your Weight Loss Is Easier Than It Sounds - Here's What an Expert Said to Do © Getty / AleksandarGeorgiev Maintaining Your Weight Loss Is Easier Than It Sounds - Here's What an Expert Said to Do

    To lose weight, most experts recommend a combination of exercise, making nutritional changes, getting enough sleep, and managing your stress. It may sound simple, but the truth is, everyone's approach to losing weight will be different.

    Once you've reached your weight-loss goal, you may be wondering how to sustain where you are. To help you maintain your hard work, POPSUGAR spoke to Jason Machowsky, RD, CSSD, CSCS, a board-certified sports dietitian and exercise physiologist at the Hospital For Special Surgery's Tisch Sports Performance Center.

    How Your Nutrition Can Help You Lose and Maintain Weight

    Jason advises following a moderate calorie deficit, around 20 percent fewer calories than you typically consume in a day, for gradual weight loss. For example, if you consumed 2,000 calories a day, per Jason's recommendation, you would consume 400 fewer calories, 1,600 calories, a day.

    "I try not to be too far below what they need because I find people tend to have better, prolonged responses," Jason said. This is because your body doesn't get shocked and because "I feel like for a lot of people, it's more sustainable," he explained.

    As simple as a calorie deficit may sound, the calories in, calories out concept may not work for everyone due to brain functions that control the release of hormones and your appetite. As always, we recommend consulting an expert who can provide individualized recommendations based on your specific goals and needs.

    How to Maintain Your Weight Loss After Losing Weight

    Whether you followed a 20-percent calorie deficit, the Paleo diet, or stopped eating processed and packaged foods, you may be wondering how you can maintain your weight loss. According to Jason, following the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans can not only help you lose weight but it can also help you maintain your weight. These guidelines recommend adults engage in at least 150 to 300 minutes a week of moderate-intensity exercise or 75 to 150 minutes a week of vigorous-intensity exercise. They also recommend implementing strength training into your routine at least twice a week.

    Slideshow: These are the 8 best fall superfoods for weight loss (Provided by PopSugar)

    "As you lose weight, your calorie needs are going to go down because you weigh less," Jason explained. When you consume fewer calories and exercise more, "Whatever [caloric] deficit they're in normalizes," according to Jason. This is commonly referred to as a weight-loss plateau, which isn't necessarily a bad thing. Once you've reached your target weight, Jason said, "Keep doing what you're doing." If you're continuing to lose weight beyond where you want to be, he advises either scaling back on the physical activity (just a little) or "eat a little bit more so your body does stabilize [at your preferred weight]."

    You may not always know the point where your body will stabilize until you get there, according to Jason. To help figure out your body's stabilizing point, he recommends doing check-ins with yourself and a professional who specializes in weight loss, such as registered dietitian or a weight-loss doctor, about how you're feeling, what's happening with your weight, and what your activity is like. From there, you all can devise a plan to help you achieve your ideal weight. 

    Video: You're unlikely to lose stubborn belly fat if you eat these 5 foods (Provided by Buzz60) 

    Click to expand

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    Piers Morgan and personal trainer say ‘fat-shaming’ makes people lose weight

    Christopher Biggins et al. posing for the camera © Provided by Associated Newspapers (Ireland) Limited, t/a dmg Media Ireland

    Want to lose weight? Well according to Piers Morgan and a personal trainer a little bit of fat-shaming is all you need.

    Dani Levi, who appeared on Good Morning Britain to discuss the topic, believes that fat-shaming 'encourages people to lose weight'.

    The heated debate appeared on the show after James Corden spoke out against American TV presenter Bill Maher who said fat-shaming should make 'a comeback'.

    a man sitting at a table: Piers Morgan Fat Shaming © Provided by Associated Newspapers (Ireland) Limited, t/a dmg Media Ireland Piers Morgan Fat Shaming

    James Corden said that fat-shaming has never helped anyone and that being insulted in the past has made him run to the freezer for ice-cream.

    The fitness instructor criticised this, saying on Good Morning Britain today: ' You don't go to a smoker, "Oh your breath stinks" and then the smoker comes back and says, "Oh you just made me light up another cigarette."

    a group of people sitting at a table: Piers Morgan Fat Shaming © Provided by Associated Newspapers (Ireland) Limited, t/a dmg Media Ireland Piers Morgan Fat Shaming

    'The more we fat shame, the more people keep their mouths shut and stop overeating.

    'The number of real-life stories that have come to me from my magazines and say, "I was on a waterslide and got stuck and everyone laughed at me and that was the moment my life turned around." Fat-shaming encourages people to lose weight.'

    The ever-controversial Piers Morgan agreed with Dani, saying that people who are overweight can 'do something about it'.

    He said: 'Unless it's genetic or a thyroid thing I would say 95pc of fat people can do something about it. It's a battle with your mind basically, it's a battle with self-discipline.'

    Christopher Biggins et al. sitting at a table with wine glasses: Piers Morgan Fat Shaming © Provided by Associated Newspapers (Ireland) Limited, t/a dmg Media Ireland Piers Morgan Fat Shaming

    Piers said that he agreed with 63-year-old Bill's comments, saying: 'We've become a society now where we don't tolerate morbid obesity, we celebrate it.

    'Stop celebrating being massively overweight. I don't know how you get people to lose weight unless you say, come on. Enough.

    'Is there a way to tackle chronic obesity, to stop putting massive models on the cover of magazines and say this ain't so great.

    'We put people who are 320 pounds on the cover of glossy magazines and say "isn't this empowering?" and this is the problem that Bill Maher has rightly identified to me.'

    However, his co-host Susanna Reid disagreed, saying: 'I don't think people telling you all the time unpleasant things about your weight helps the battle with your mind.'

    a man and a woman sitting at a table: Piers Morgan Fat Shaming © Provided by Associated Newspapers (Ireland) Limited, t/a dmg Media Ireland Piers Morgan Fat Shaming

    Piers responded to his co-host saying that he would be 'quite happy' with Susanna fat-shaming him and that he thinks the best way to get someone to lose weight is by saying 'Blimey you've put on a bit, son'.

    James Corden wearing a suit and tie © Provided by Associated Newspapers (Ireland) Limited, t/a dmg Media Ireland

    James Corden originally hit back at the 63-year-old American TV presenter Bill Maher on his own programme The Late Late Show.

    'Fat-shaming never went anywhere,' he explained.

    'Ask literally any fat person, we are reminded of it all the time on (an) airplane, on Instagram, when someone leaves a pie on the windowsill to cool and they look at us.

    'There's a common and insulting misconception that fat people are stupid and lazy and we're not. We get it, we know.'

    'We know that being overweight isn't good for us and I've struggled my entire life trying to manage my weight and I suck at it,' he added.

    Bill Maher wearing a suit and tie © Provided by Associated Newspapers (Ireland) Limited, t/a dmg Media Ireland

    Love Is Blind 's Kelly Chase Reveals the Secret Behind Her Weight Loss Transformation

    Love Is Blind star Kelly Chase is revealing the blood, sweat and tears that went into her epic physical transformation.  The health and ...